The previous state of the art estimate had a best fit value of 2.5 MeV (within the two sigma confidence interval of the new result), but with an uncertainty of about 0.7 MeV. This is the most precise estimate of the up quark-down quark mass difference to date. The same paper estimates, using this calculation, that the difference between the up quark mass and the down quark mass is 2.33 +/- 0.11 MeV. ![]() (An Appower point description of this paper is also available.) The proton gets more of its mass from its electromagnetic field than the neutron does. ![]() A June 18, 2014 paper estimates that differences in electromagnetic field strength between the proton and neutron account for 1.04 +/- 0.11 MeV of the proton-neutron mass difference using lattice QCD methods, an estimate three or four times more precise that previous state of the art estimates of this component.
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